PDP-11 (Programmed Data Processor-11)

The PDP-11 is a 16-bit minicomputer produced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 to 1983. It was the successor to the PDP-10 and was one of DEC’s most popular products. The PDP-11 was replaced by the VAX series in the 1980s. The PDP-11 was a 16-bit machine, with a word size of 16 bits … Read more

VHS (Video Home System)

The Video Home System (VHS) is a home video cassette format developed by Victor Company of Japan, Limited (JVC) and launched in September 1976. The format was a commercial success, becoming the dominant home video format in the United States by the early 1980s. VHS remained the standard format for consumer video cassette recorders until … Read more

Barcode reader (POS scanner, bar code reader, price scanner)

A barcode reader, also called a POS scanner or bar code reader, is a device used to scan and read barcodes. Barcodes are used to store information such as product prices, product names and product descriptions. Barcode readers are used in retail stores to scan and read barcodes on products. Barcode readers can also be … Read more

HDCD (High Definition Compatible Digital)

HDCD is a proprietary audio codec developed by Pacific Microsonics. It is designed to provide improved audio quality when playing back CDs encoded with the HDCD format. HDCD discs are encoded with enhanced audio information that is not audible to the human ear, but can be decoded by HDCD-compatible devices. This results in a richer, … Read more

Gigabit interface converter (GBIC)

A GBIC is a transceiver used for both sending and receiving data on a gigabit Ethernet network. It is used to connect devices such as computers, routers, and switches to the network. GBICs come in a variety of form factors, including SFP, SFP+, and XFP. What is difference between SFP and GBIC? The main difference … Read more

CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)

CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) is a type of semiconductor device that uses both n-type and p-type semiconductor materials to create a voltage difference between two terminals. The voltage difference creates an electric field that can be used to control the flow of electrons between the two terminals. CMOS devices are used in a variety of … Read more

Raspberry Pi ($35 computer)

The Raspberry Pi is a credit card-sized computer that costs just $35. It is the most affordable way to get a computer that is capable of running a full range of software, including the Raspbian operating system and a wide range of applications. The Raspberry Pi can be used for a wide variety of projects, … Read more

Trusted Platform Module (TPM)

A Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a specialized chip on an endpoint device that stores cryptographic keys and passwords. The TPM is used to authenticate hardware devices and establish trust between different platforms. The TPM can be used to encrypt data and to create digital signatures. The TPM can also be used to generate and … Read more

SATA 2 (SATA II)

The Serial ATA II (SATA II) specification is the second generation of the SATA interface specification. It was released in 2004 and defines a data transfer speed of 3.0 Gb/s. SATA II also introduced Native Command Queuing (NCQ), which allows the controller to re-order commands to optimize performance. What is the difference between SATA I … Read more

Parallel presence detect (PPD)

PPD is a feature supported by some Ethernet controllers that allows the controller to detect when an Ethernet link is present on both the transmit and receive pairs of wires. This allows the controller to determine when a link is present even if one of the pairs is not operational. What is SPD in DDR? … Read more