URL poisoning (location poisoning)

URL poisoning (location poisoning) is a technique used by attackers to inject malicious code into a web page or web application. The code is injected into the web page or web application by modifying the URL that is used to access the page or application.

The code that is injected into the web page or web application can be used to redirect users to another web page or web application, to display a false or misleading message, or to perform other malicious actions.

URL poisoning can be used to exploit vulnerabilities in web browsers, web servers, and web applications. It can also be used to bypass security controls, such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems.

URL poisoning is a type of web-based attack that can be used to compromise the security of a web site or web application. Attackers can use URL poisoning to inject malicious code into a web page or web application, redirect users to another web page or web application, or perform other malicious actions.

URL poisoning is a serious security threat because it can be used to bypass security controls, such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems. It can also be used to exploit vulnerabilities in web browsers, web servers, and web applications.

How does DNS cache poisoning work?

DNS cache poisoning, also known as DNS spoofing, is a type of attack that allows an attacker to redirect traffic intended for a legitimate website to a malicious one. This is done by exploit- ing a flaw in the DNS system that allows an attacker to insert malicious entries into the DNS cache, thereby poisoning the cache and redirecting traffic to the attacker's own malicious website.

DNS cache poisoning attacks are usually carried out by sending a large number of DNS queries with forged responses to a DNS server. The DNS server will then cache the forged responses, and subsequent queries for the same domain will be redirected to the attacker's website. This can be used to redirect users to a phishing website, for example, where they may be tricked into entering their credentials or personal information.

DNS cache poisoning attacks can be difficult to carry out, as they require a large number of DNS queries to be sent to the target DNS server. However, they can be very effective, as once the DNS cache is poisoned, all users who query the DNS server will be redirected to the attacker's website. This can be used to carry out a wide range of attacks, such as phishing, malware distribution, and denial-of-service attacks.

What is browser cache poisoning?

Browser cache poisoning is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in the way that web browsers handle cached content. This can allow an attacker to inject malicious code into the cached content, which can then be executed by unsuspecting users when they load the page.

This type of attack is particularly dangerous because it can be used to target users who visit a specific website frequently. For example, an attacker could poison the cache of a popular website with a malicious script, and then wait for users to visit the site and execute the script. This could allow the attacker to gain control of the user's computer, or steal sensitive information.

Cache poisoning attacks are relatively rare, but they can be devastating if they are successful. Therefore, it is important for users to be aware of the risks and take steps to protect themselves. For example, they can install security software that includes cache protection, or clear their browser cache regularly.

How do I know if my DNS is poisoned?

There are a few ways to check if your DNS has been poisoned:

1. Check your DNS server's logs for strange requests. If you see requests for domains that you don't recognize, or from IP addresses that you don't recognize, then it's possible that your DNS server has been poisoned.

2. Use a tool like Wireshark to sniff your network traffic. If you see DNS requests going to strange IP addresses, then it's possible that your DNS has been poisoned.

3. Use a tool like Nmap to scan your DNS server. If you see open ports that you don't recognize, or if you see strange services running on those ports, then it's possible that your DNS server has been compromised.

4. Use a tool like dig or nslookup to query your DNS server directly. If you see results that you don't recognize, or if the results don't match what you expect, then it's possible that your DNS has been poisoned.